Illustris:模擬宇宙
Illustris: A Simulation of the Universe
發表日期:2023-12-31
我們是如何到達這裡的?點選播放,坐下來觀看。 透過電腦模擬宇宙的演化過程,我們可以深入瞭解星系是如何形成的,並透視人類在宇宙中的位置。 2014 年,Illustris 專案耗費了 2000 萬個CPU 小時,對一個邊長為 3500 萬光年的立方體中的 120 億個解析度元素進行了跟蹤,因為它經歷了 130 億年的演變。模擬追蹤物質形成各種型別星系的過程。隨著虛擬宇宙的演化,一些隨宇宙膨脹的物質很快在引力作用下凝結成細絲、星系和星系團。這段影片以虛擬攝像機的視角,環繞這個不斷變化的宇宙的一部分,首先展示了暗物質的演變,然後是按溫度編碼的氫氣( 0 : 45 ),接著是氦和碳等重元素( 1 : 30 ),然後回到暗物質( 2 : 07 )。左下方列出了自宇宙大爆炸以來的時間,右下方則列出了所展示的物質型別。 爆炸( 0 : 50 )描繪了星系中心的超大質量黑洞排出熾熱氣體的氣泡。研究人員對 Illustris 和真實宇宙之間有趣的差異進行了研究,包括為什麼模擬產生了過多的老恆星。
原文:How did we get here? Click play, sit back, and watch. A computer simulation of the evolution of the universe provides insight into how galaxies formed and perspectives into humanity's place in the universe. The Illustris project exhausted 20 million CPU hours in 2014 following 12 billion resolution elements spanning a cube 35 million light years on a side as it evolved over 13 billion years. The simulation tracks matter into the formation of a wide variety of galaxy types. As the virtual universe evolves, some of the matter expanding with the universe soon gravitationally condenses to form filaments, galaxies, and clusters of galaxies. The featured video takes the perspective of a virtual camera circling part of this changing universe, first showing the evolution of dark matter, then hydrogen gas coded by temperature (0:45), then heavy elements such as helium and carbon (1:30), and then back to dark matter (2:07). On the lower left the time since the Big Bang is listed, while on the lower right the type of matter being shown is listed. Explosions (0:50) depict galaxy-center supermassive black holes expelling bubbles of hot gas. Interesting discrepancies between Illustris and the real universe have been studied, including why the simulation produced an overabundance of old stars.
※ 本文由萌芽機器人自動轉貼自每日一天文圖(Astronomy Picture of the Day,APOD),原文為英文,正體中文是透過 DeepL 翻譯及 OpenCC 進行自動處理,內容僅供參考,若有任何錯誤之處還請見諒!
關於每日一天文圖:每日一天文圖網站是美國國家航空暨太空總署與密西根理工大學提供的服務,網站每天提供一張影像或圖片,並由天文學家撰寫扼要說明其特別之處。