羅伯特·戈達德和內爾
Robert Goddard and Nell
發表日期：2026-03-28
羅伯特·H·戈達德被譽為現代火箭之父， 1882 年出生於馬薩諸塞州的伍斯特。 16 歲那年，戈達德讀了H·G·威爾斯的科幻經典《世界大戰》，從此夢想著太空飛行。 到 1926 年，他已設計、製造併成功試飛了世界上第一枚液態燃料火箭。 100 年前，即 1926 年 3 月 16 日，這枚被命名為“內爾”（Nell）的火箭從他姑媽埃菲位於馬薩諸塞州奧本的農場發射升空，在持續約 2 . 5 秒的飛行中升至 41 英尺的高空。 在這張擺拍的照片中，戈達德站在這枚 10 英尺高的火箭旁，手扶著發射架。為了實現無需尾翼的穩定飛行，火箭的重型發動機被安置在頂部，透過管道從底部的液氧和汽油燃料箱獲取燃料。他被公認為一位才華橫溢的實驗家和工程天才，其火箭設計比當時的時代領先了許多年。 戈達德在火箭技術領域獲得了 200 多項專利，其中大部分是在他 1945 年去世後才獲批的。 1969 年，一艘基於戈達德所開發原理製造的液體燃料火箭將人類送上了月球。
原文：Robert H. Goddard, considered the father of modern rocketry, was born in Worcester Massachusetts in 1882. As a 16 year old, Goddard read H.G. Wells' science fiction classic "War Of The Worlds" and dreamed of space flight. By 1926 he had designed, built, and flown the world's first liquid fuel rocket. Launched 100 years ago, on March 16, 1926 from his aunt Effie's farm in Auburn Massachusetts, the rocket dubbed "Nell", rose to an altitude of 41 feet in a flight that lasted about 2 1/2 seconds. In this posed photo Goddard stands next to the 10 foot tall rocket, holding the launch stand frame. To achieve a stable flight without the need for fins, the rocket's heavy motor was located at the top, fed by lines from liquid oxygen and gasoline fuel tanks at the bottom. Widely recognized as a gifted experimenter and engineering genius, his rockets were many years ahead of their time. Goddard was awarded over 200 patents in rocket technology, most of them after his death in 1945. A liquid fuel rocket constructed on principles developed by Goddard landed humans on the Moon in 1969.
※ 本文由萌芽機器人自動轉貼自每日一天文圖（Astronomy Picture of the Day，APOD），原文為英文，正體中文是透過 DeepL 翻譯及 OpenCC 進行自動處理，內容僅供參考，若有任何錯誤之處還請見諒！
關於每日一天文圖：每日一天文圖網站是美國國家航空暨太空總署與密西根理工大學提供的服務，網站每天提供一張影像或圖片，並由天文學家撰寫扼要說明其特別之處。