希克森 44 (獅子座)
Hickson 44 in Leo

來源:Peter Kennett|發表日期:2026-03-27
加拿大天文學家保羅·希克森(Paul Hickson)及其同事在對天空進行星系巡天觀測時,發現了約 100 個緊湊星系團,如今這些星系團被恰當地命名為“希克森緊湊星系團”。在這幅引人入勝的望遠鏡天景中可見的四個醒目星系,就屬於其中一個星系團——希克森 44 (Hickson 44 )。希克森 44 星系團距離我們約 1 億光年,遠在前景的銀河系恆星之外,位於春季北半球的天王座方向。 影像中央的兩座螺旋星系分別是呈邊緣視角的NGC 3190 (擁有獨特的扭曲塵埃帶)和呈S 形的NGC 3187 。它們與左側明亮的橢圓星系NGC 3193 共同構成被稱為Arp 316 的星系群。位於右下角的螺旋星系是NGC 3185 ,它是希克森星系群的第四個成員。 與希克森星系群中的其他星系一樣,這些星系也顯示出變形和增強的恆星形成跡象,這證明了它們正處於一場引力拉鋸戰之中,最終將在宇宙時間尺度上導致星系合併。如今人們已認識到,合併過程是星系演化的正常部分,包括我們自己的銀河系。 為便於理解其規模,在希克森 44 的估計距離下,NGC 3190 的直徑約為 75 , 000 光年。
原文:Scanning the skies for galaxies, Canadian astronomer Paul Hickson and colleagues identified some 100 compact groups of galaxies, now appropriately called Hickson Compact Groups. The four prominent galaxies seen in this intriguing telescopic skyscape are one such group, Hickson 44. The Hickson 44 galaxy group is about 100 million light-years distant, far beyond the foreground Milky Way stars, toward the northern springtime constellation Leo. The two spiral galaxies in the center of the image are edge-on NGC 3190 with distinctive, warped dust lanes, and S-shaped NGC 3187. Along with the bright elliptical, NGC 3193 (left) they are also known as Arp 316. The spiral toward the lower right corner is NGC 3185, the 4th member of the Hickson group. Like other galaxies in Hickson groups, these show signs of distortion and enhanced star formation, evidence of a gravitational tug of war that will eventually result in galaxy mergers on a cosmic timescale. The merger process is now understood to be a normal part of the evolution of galaxies, including our own Milky Way. For scale, NGC 3190 is about 75,000 light-years across at the estimated distance of Hickson 44.
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