一英里射電望遠鏡上的星軌
Star Trails over One-Mile Radio Telescope
來源：Joao Yordanov Serralheiro｜發表日期：2025-09-13
英國劍橋穆拉德射電天文臺一英里望遠鏡直徑 60 英尺的可轉向碟形天線指向天空，呈現出一幅令人回味的夜景。為了捕捉這一壯觀景象，我們在 90 分鐘內連續進行了 30 秒鐘的曝光記錄。這些曝光結合在一起，顯示出優美弧線的星軌背景，反映了地球每天自轉的情況。北極是地球自轉軸向太空的延伸，指向北極星附近。北極星是一顆明亮的恆星，它在同心弧中心附近形成了一條短短的軌跡。不過，歷史悠久的一英里望遠鏡陣列也是依靠地球自轉來執行的。它以射電波長探索宇宙，是第一臺使用地球自轉孔徑合成技術的射電望遠鏡。這種技術利用地球的自轉來改變望遠鏡陣列和天體射電源的相對方位，以比人眼更好的解析度繪製天空射電圖。
原文：The steerable 60 foot diameter dish antenna of the One-Mile Telescope at Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory, Cambridge, UK, is pointing skyward in this evocative night-skyscape. To capture the dramatic scene, consecutive 30 second exposures were recorded over a period of 90 minutes. Combined, the exposures reveal a background of gracefully arcing star trails that reflect planet Earth's daily rotation on its axis. The North Celestial Pole, the extension of Earth's axis of rotation into space, points near Polaris, the North Star. That's the bright star that creates the short trail near the center of the concentric arcs. But the historic One-Mile Telescope array also relied on planet Earth's rotation to operate. Exploring the universe at radio wavelengths, it was the first radio telescope to use Earth-rotation aperture synthesis. That technique uses the rotation of the Earth to change the relative orientation of the telescope array and celestial radio sources to create radio maps of the sky at a resolution better than that of the human eye.
※ 本文由萌芽機器人自動轉貼自每日一天文圖（Astronomy Picture of the Day，APOD），原文為英文，正體中文是透過 DeepL 翻譯及 OpenCC 進行自動處理，內容僅供參考，若有任何錯誤之處還請見諒！
關於每日一天文圖：每日一天文圖網站是美國國家航空暨太空總署與密西根理工大學提供的服務，網站每天提供一張影像或圖片，並由天文學家撰寫扼要說明其特別之處。