銀河系、噴射機和一個著名的黑洞
The Galaxy, the Jet, and a Famous Black Hole

發表日期:2024-05-09
明亮的橢圓星系梅西耶 87 (M 87 )是超大質量黑洞的所在地,地球上的地平線事件望遠鏡在 2017 年首次拍攝到了黑洞的影像。M 87 是室女座星系團的巨型星系,距離室女座星系團約 5500 萬光年,在斯皮策太空望遠鏡拍攝的這張紅外影像中,M 87 呈現出藍色的色調。 雖然 M 87 看起來大多沒有特徵,像雲一樣,但斯皮策影像確實記錄了從星系中心區域噴射出的相對論噴流的細節。右上方的插圖顯示,噴流本身就跨越了數千光年。右側較亮的噴流正在接近我們的視線。對面,原本看不見的後退噴流產生的衝擊照亮了較暗的物質弧。右下角的插圖顯示了歷史上的黑洞影像,它位於巨型星系的中心,在相對論噴流之間。在斯皮策影像中完全無法分辨,這個被下沉物質包圍的超大質量黑洞是巨大能量的來源,它驅動著來自活動星系 M 87 中心的相對論噴流。事件視界望遠鏡拍攝的 M 87 影像經過增強處理,可以更清晰地看到著名的超大質量黑洞。 這是無法逃脫的:美國國家航空航天局的黑洞周!
原文:Bright elliptical galaxy Messier 87 (M87) is home to the supermassive black hole captured in 2017 by planet Earth's Event Horizon Telescope in the first ever image of a black hole. Giant of the Virgo galaxy cluster about 55 million light-years away, M87 is rendered in blue hues in this infrared image from the Spitzer Space telescope. Though M87 appears mostly featureless and cloud-like, the Spitzer image does record details of relativistic jets blasting from the galaxy's central region. Shown in the inset at top right, the jets themselves span thousands of light-years. The brighter jet seen on the right is approaching and close to our line of sight. Opposite, the shock created by the otherwise unseen receding jet lights up a fainter arc of material. Inset at bottom right, the historic black hole image is shown in context at the center of giant galaxy, between the relativistic jets. Completely unresolved in the Spitzer image, the supermassive black hole surrounded by infalling material is the source of enormous energy driving the relativistic jets from the center of active galaxy M87. The Event Horizon Telescope image of M87 has been enhanced to reveal a sharper view of the famous supermassive black hole. It's inescapable: Black Hole Week at NASA!
※ 本文由萌芽機器人自動轉貼自每日一天文圖(Astronomy Picture of the Day,APOD),原文為英文,正體中文是透過 DeepL 翻譯及 OpenCC 進行自動處理,內容僅供參考,若有任何錯誤之處還請見諒!
關於每日一天文圖:每日一天文圖網站是美國國家航空暨太空總署與密西根理工大學提供的服務,網站每天提供一張影像或圖片,並由天文學家撰寫扼要說明其特別之處。