黑洞擾亂流逝的恆星
A Black Hole Disrupts a Passing Star
發表日期：2024-05-05
恆星靠近黑洞會發生什麼？如果恆星直接撞擊大質量黑洞，那麼恆星就會完全墜入其中--一切都會消失。但更有可能的情況是，恆星靠近黑洞，黑洞的引力拉開了恆星的外層，或者說擾亂了恆星。這樣，恆星的大部分氣體就不會落入黑洞。 這些恆星潮汐破壞事件可以像超新星一樣明亮，越來越多的恆星潮汐破壞事件被自動巡天觀測發現。在這幅藝術家繪製的插圖中，一顆恆星剛剛穿過一個巨大的黑洞，流出的氣體繼續繞著黑洞執行。 黑洞周圍的氣體和塵埃盤的內緣被擾動事件加熱，可能在恆星消失後很長時間還在發光。 黑洞新世界：今天是美國國家航空航天局的黑洞周！
原文：What happens to a star that goes near a black hole? If the star directly impacts a massive black hole, then the star falls in completely -- and everything vanishes. More likely, though, the star goes close enough to have the black hole's gravity pull away its outer layers, or disrupt, the star. Then, most of the star's gas does not fall into the black hole. These stellar tidal disruption events can be as bright as a supernova, and an increasing amount of them are being discovered by automated sky surveys. In the featured artist's illustration, a star has just passed a massive black hole and sheds gas that continues to orbit. The inner edge of a disk of gas and dust surrounding the black hole is heated by the disruption event and may glow long after the star is gone. Hole New Worlds: It's Black Hole Week at NASA!
※ 本文由萌芽機器人自動轉貼自每日一天文圖（Astronomy Picture of the Day，APOD），原文為英文，正體中文是透過 DeepL 翻譯及 OpenCC 進行自動處理，內容僅供參考，若有任何錯誤之處還請見諒！
關於每日一天文圖：每日一天文圖網站是美國國家航空暨太空總署與密西根理工大學提供的服務，網站每天提供一張影像或圖片，並由天文學家撰寫扼要說明其特別之處。