NGC 253 :塵島宇宙
NGC 253: Dusty Island Universe

來源:Steve Crouch|發表日期:2024-02-15
閃亮的 NGC 253 是可見的最亮的螺旋星系之一,也是塵埃最多的星系之一。 有人稱它為銀幣星系(Silver Coin Galaxy),因為它出現在小型望遠鏡中;也有人稱它為雕刻星系(Sculptor Galaxy),因為它位於南雕刻星座的邊界內。 1783 年,數學家和天文學家卡羅琳-赫歇爾發現了這個塵封已久的宇宙島,它距離地球只有 1000 萬光年。NGC 253 的直徑約為 7 萬光年,是雕刻星系群中最大的成員,也是離我們本星系群最近的成員。 在這個色彩斑斕的星系畫卷中,除了螺旋狀的塵埃通道之外,塵埃的卷鬚似乎也從它的星系盤中升起,上面佈滿了年輕的星團和恆星形成區。高含量的塵埃伴隨著瘋狂的恆星形成,NGC 253 因此被稱為星爆星系。眾所周知,NGC 253 也是高能 X 射線和伽馬射線的強大來源,這很可能是由於星系中心附近的大質量黑洞造成的。
原文:Shiny NGC 253 is one of the brightest spiral galaxies visible, and also one of the dustiest. Some call it the Silver Coin Galaxy for its appearance in small telescopes, or just the Sculptor Galaxy for its location within the boundaries of the southern constellation Sculptor. Discovered in 1783 by mathematician and astronomer Caroline Herschel, the dusty island universe lies a mere 10 million light-years away. About 70 thousand light-years across, NGC 253 is the largest member of the Sculptor Group of Galaxies, the nearest to our own Local Group of Galaxies. In addition to its spiral dust lanes, tendrils of dust seem to be rising from its galactic disk laced with young star clusters and star forming regions in this colorful galaxy portrait. The high dust content accompanies frantic star formation, earning NGC 253 the designation of a starburst galaxy. NGC 253 is also known to be a strong source of high-energy x-rays and gamma rays, likely due to massive black holes near the galaxy's center.
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